It is commonly understood that Texas is experiencing rapid population growth, with projections depicting significant growth well into the coming decades. The population demographics shift resulting from more people moving to the state will have lasting implications for the state’s economic outlook, socio-cultural contexts, and the functioning of the transportation system. Urbanization, aging, and diversification are the three trends associated with this growth that have been identified as having the potential to impact the state’s transportation system. All three trends present unique challenges and opportunities, together raising questions for transportation and innovative investment planning. TxDOT must be aware of and proactively plan for population demographics shifts to ensure that a high quality of life is maintained for all Texans. This white paper will explore urbanization, aging, and diversification through a case study approach that assesses their collective impact for current and future residents of Texas.